The full answer
Liver is a very nutrient-dense organ meat, and most dogs find it irresistible. Plain cooked chicken, beef or lamb liver is not toxic and is often used as a training treat.
The catch is that it is extremely rich. Liver contains very high levels of vitamin A and, in some animals, copper. Eating a lot regularly can lead to too much vitamin A, which over time can affect bones and joints, so it should stay an occasional small treat.
Cook it plain and cool it before serving. Liver cooked with onion or garlic, fried in butter, or made into pâté is not suitable for dogs. Treats made specifically for dogs, such as freeze-dried liver, are usually easier to portion.
Is Liver Good for Dogs?
Liver provides protein, iron, B vitamins and vitamin A, but because it is so concentrated, small amounts go a long way.
Potential benefits
- Rich source of protein and iron
- Provides B vitamins
- Highly motivating training treat
Risks and Things to Know
- Too much can cause vitamin A excess over time
- High copper content is a concern for some breeds and dogs with liver disease
- Cooking with onion, garlic, butter or seasoning makes it unsuitable
- Very rich food can cause vomiting or diarrhoea
- Raw liver can carry bacteria
How much is okay?
A few tiny pieces now and then is plenty. Treats should remain a small part of the day's food, and liver should not be an everyday treat.
Ask your vet before giving liver regularly, especially if your dog has liver, kidney or digestive problems.
How Should I Prepare It?
- Cook thoroughly by boiling, steaming or baking, with no oil, salt, onion or garlic.
- Cool, then cut into very small pieces.
- Do not give liver pâté or fried liver.